The BIM Workflow

The BIM workflow is a cyclical process that follows a project from its earliest stages to its final demolition. It breaks down the traditional, siloed approach to design and construction, promoting collaboration at every step.

1. Planning and Conceptual Design

The process starts with a preliminary 3D model that visualizes the project and helps key stakeholders understand the design intent. Early-stage data, such as a site scan or a conceptual sketch, is used to create this initial model. At this stage, teams can analyze the design's feasibility and get immediate feedback on things like site logistics and initial cost estimates.

2. Detailed Design and Development

Once the conceptual design is approved, the model is further developed by various disciplines. Architects, structural engineers, and mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) engineers all contribute their designs and data to the shared model. This is where the "I" (Information) in BIM becomes critical, as each component in the model—from a wall to a light fixture—has detailed data attached to it, like material type, performance specifications, and cost.

3. Coordination and Clash Detection

This is a key advantage of BIM. As different disciplines add their designs to the model, the software can automatically run clash detection. This process identifies conflicts and overlaps between different building systems, such as a ventilation duct running through a structural beam. Finding and resolving these issues in the digital model saves significant time and money by preventing costly rework on the job site.

4. Construction and Fabrication

The coordinated BIM model serves as the central guide for the physical construction. Contractors, subcontractors, and fabricators use the model to create precise schedules (4D BIM) and cost estimates (5D BIM). It provides a detailed blueprint for prefabrication and on-site assembly, ensuring everything fits together seamlessly and according to plan. Real-time updates from the job site can be integrated back into the model, helping project managers monitor progress and make informed decisions.

5. Facility Management and Operations

The BIM model's value extends long after construction is complete. The information-rich model becomes a digital asset for the building's owner and facility managers. They can use the data to streamline maintenance schedules, manage assets, and plan future renovations. This provides a detailed, historical record of the building, which is invaluable for its entire operational lifespan.